Faith is believing what you know not Essay

If Christ were here now, in that follow is genius thing he would non be, a Christian (Berge, score 1). These be the row of ready orthodontic braces as quoted by Berge in an article on detain in couples adopt On Christianity-Changing Christian Thinking. Looking at the present day pietism and in com tallyisonticular Christianity one is left in distrust as to whether the vision that Christ had for the society is what is happening today. Are the all over 33,000 Christian devotions the kind of Christianity that Jesus expected 2,000 years ago? stigmatize Twain in his reference book did non mean that Jesus was a bad person that no one privationed to refer with.Looking critically at the present day Christianity, it is the some other way round Jesus was as Berge puts it an exceptional person and believed in living a life as example towards others with kindness, forgiveness and be intimate (Berge, par 1-3). The true meaning of Christianity and that of worship in gene ral has been manipulated to address the needs of man and it is currently totally opposite of what it stands for. It is not a surprise therefore that crown of thorns Twain dates worship a huge joke. This essay looks at the negativism of spiritual belief as viewed by the great Ameri fire pen betray Twain.Background information of homer Twain To better understand the phantasmal view of Mark Twain, it is important to first get an insight of his historical background. Mark was born in Florida on thirtieth November in the year 1835. He was by then called Samuel Langhorne Clemens. His father, John Marshall Clemens died when Samuel was only twelve. The mother Jane could not manage to support the large family of six and young Samuel no longer could enjoy childhood luxuries. Additionally, he could not proceed with his education and instead began working at Hannibal Printer William Ament.Division of labor was neer practiced in Ament and Samuel did all sorts of work such as printing, editing, type setting, press-work, distri bution of products among other tasks. Orion his elder brother was a journeyman printer in a print shop. still wanted to be a master of his own and in 1851 bought one Hannibals newspapers, Western Union. He took his younger brothers Henry and Samuel with him. When things did not work out well up for Orion, Samuel worked his way out as a river pilot (Gradesaver, par 1-6).Samuel became one of the Staff of Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. He became a reporter or when said in the right terms a humorist and in 1863 adopted the name Mark Twain. In 1869 his first book, Innocent Abroad, was published. Due to its criticism, Mark was discouraged from pushing forth his literary call. However, he continued to publish articles and making lectures. Few years later, the Innocent Abroad made great sales and Twain was requested to produce another book. Twain composed Roughing It in 1872.He became an acknowledged source after several other books were published such as The happenings of tom Sawyer, The Prince and the Pauper, Life on the Mississippi, A Connecticut Yankee in queen mole rat Arthurs address, The Adventure of huckleberry Finn and The Gilded Age among others. He died on 21st April of 1910 as a prominent American writer (Gradesaver, par 7-12). Religious Affiliation and Activities of Mark Twain Mark Twain was a Christian by religion. His parents were Presbyterians and he was therefore introduced to church building and the Christian teachings when he was very young. He grew up to become a Presbyterian.He was therefore a Presbyterian by religion, a religion of Calvinist Protestantism in the United severalizes of America. Calvinist had a great Impact in the life of Clemen, the famous Mark Twain. As Dempsey puts it on Mark Twins piety hold up Review It was the religion of his upbringing, the religion of his wifes family, and the religion of some of his important friendsm any(prenominal) of whom were principal northe rn Presbyterian and Congregationalist clergy of the day (Dempsey, par 4). Twain was brought up in a deeply Presbyterian family and as a religious obligation he had to grow up as a good Presbyterian son (Dempsey, par 4).Twain was religious. Religion was part and parcel of his world and he could not evade it. Twain actively participated in dialogues on religion and attended religious services. From this base, it can be argued that Twain was a monotheist (Dempsey, par 9). However his criticism of religion in his literary plant life would make one interrogative whether Twain was a true religious man. Twain was perhaps an atheist. He was not contrasted to religion as such but the religion that had been manipulated to mean otherwise a religion in which the great unwashed played holy yet they are not, a religion that preached of morality when it did not uphold any moral values.Twain for this reason rejected religion. As Dempsey in the Mark Twains Religion take hold Review quotes the in scription on the statue of Twain, His religion was humanity and a whole world mourned for him when he died (Dempsey, par 1). At one time in a Holy Land expedition, one of his colleagues had introduced him as Reverend Mark Twain and a reverend he became. The author of The Celebrated Jumping frog of Calvary used to accompany psalm-singing Easterners as a way of assisting Reverend Henry Ward Beecher (The Ohio State University, pp. 1-2).He was so much into the religious activities such that he at times imagined he was a preacher, a prophet and a saint (The Ohio State University, p. 7). Mark Twains and Religion in his Literary Works His Huckleberry Finn The literary works of Mark Twain clearly reflects his negative views towards religion. Twain is conflicting to religion and has no patience at all for either religion or for the subscribers of the religion ( typeface Essays. com, par 1). To him, Religion is useless, worthless, and mindless and for those not grounded in reality (Example E ssays. com, par 1).This is a quotation picked from Huckleberry Finn by Example Essays. com in their article on Twains visualise Of Religion In Huck Finn. In this novel, the attitude of Twain towards religion is that of mockery and cynicism (Example Essays. com, par 1). Twain is at a removed outperform from the devoted Bible believers. He has much respect for superstitious things than he has for religion. This his clearly brought out in one of his characters Huck in Huckleberry Finn. Huck had great expectations that there would be bad luck in his wake when he killed a spider by accident and later touched the skin of a rattlesnake.Everything had come true as bad luck follows when Hucks father returns and the snake did bunco game Jim. Huck makes a prayer to the Lord but nothing happens. This leaves Twain with a conclusion that religion is not helpful at all, it is worthless, more worthless in fact than what would seem to be an chimerical superstation (Example Essays. com, par 2-3) . As Example Essays. com focalises out in their essay on Twains tidy sum Of Religion In Huck Finn Twain holds no punches in his merciless pounding of religion (Example Essays. com, par 4).Twain in Huck attacks the believers of religion as well as religion itself. He has a strong distaste for religion as revealed by this book. No skepticism, no doubt, and no question can be raised regarding the aversion of religion of Twain. He neither tolerates religion nor the believers (Example Essays. com, par 4). Every religious character that Twain creates in the novel is covered with hypocrisy. It is true that religious people have a soft spot a warm generous heart like leave behind Douglas and Grangerfords. They show cordial reception but they are full of hypocrisy.This of course is what makes Twain hate religion from the deepest point of his heart (Example Essays. com, par 5). Mark Twain is opposed to religion because religious people are hypocrites they are fake and unctuous so that th ey can impress everyone (BookRags, par 6). The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer In the book The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer, religion is a caricature. It forms an integral part in the society that the Character Tom lives in. However, Tom does not hold religion with the dignity that other people hold it with. Instead, it is a boring obligation and tiresome to him.For exemplar, Tom does not say his prayers before going to bed which is a powerful defiant act in regard to his forced religion (BookRags, par 1). Tom is a religious sycophant. His religious stand is for formalities. He works vey hard in trade to buy a Bible not because he is so much interested in religion but for his status in the society. Being religious is not his care but the status that the Bible will place him in is (BookRags, par 2). Tom is in truth bored by the routine of going to church. He is however not alone in this but is in the company of many others.The monotonous sermons wear them out and their hearts yearn for anythin g that would cause break of serve to the screaming preacher. They are all in stitches when the sermon is finally interrupted by such things as a yelping dog. His boredom and that of other puppet believers is a side-effect of formalities of having to go to church. Through this character, Mark Twain reveals his hate of going to church as an obligation. People go to church not because they want to but because it is an obligation (BookRags, par 3-5). Twain expresses his criticism on church revivals.In deed they are powerful tools to win people to religion and at the end leave everyone thrilled. However their effects are short lived as portrayed by the characters Huck and Joe. At the revival, they are fighting tooth and nail to try out the face of God but after a short time, they turn back to their earlier lives where they find lots of happiness. To Twain revivals and anything religious do not have any lasting effect and for this respect are worthless (BookRags, par 7). Twain sees reli gion as one big piece of humor. Widow Douglas is so religious and fervently prays that the sinful Tom is found.She is serious and absolutely honest in her prayers indirect request for hope and miracle at a desperation time. Looking at the character of Tom, it leaves one in doubt as to whether her prayers are answered. In addition, the funeral of Injun Joe turns out to be an entertaining event rather than a religious event. Completely, it lacks real religiousness. It sounds funny that from miles and miles, people come to witness his burial. This is in the inclusion of people who had with their honorable hearts tried to plead for his crimes pardon. After he is buried the pardon is forget.He is also forgotten (BookRags, par 8-9). Twain hates religion for conflicting with peoples lifestyles. Huck does not understand anything that is religious it never allows him to enjoy his lifestyle. Church is what the society uses to set limits for people. The widow that Tom lives with is deep down root in religion and wants Huck to be a very good church-going boy. Huck is however on the other side Tom had just given him the promise of them becoming robbers. Religion in itself makes adherents caricatures to be laughed at (BookRags, par 10). A Connecticut Yankee in king Arthurs CourtThe great fear and enemy of Twain as expressed by Yankee is the Roman Catholic Church. He seems to have a strong distaste for the Roman Catholic Church for manipulating religion for the sake of politics. To Mark Twain, the church is a political machine. The Roman Catholic Church in particular is embodied in other functions other than spiritual functions that it deeply claims to advocate for. Through the character Hank, Twain accuses the overall church for upholding the 16th century ills in the society such as, social inequality, superstations, tradition, hereditary nobility, and subservience of masses.Twain is opposed to these practices and the Roman Catholic Church as portrayed in this book seem s to be lenient on these vices (Gradesaver LLC, par 2). Still on religion Twain condemns the acts of those who uphold morality only at a superficial level. These people cannot take any action unless they are faced with a real experience. Hank and King Arthur run low to abolish slavery and they only come to realize the dehumanizing effects and oppression that slavery has on those in it when they themselves become slaves. The leaders claim to uphold the moral values of the society yet they fail to practice morality.This is what makes Twain suffer from a horse voice in condemnation of religion and its insincere moral practices. In all his literary work, Twain looks at religion from a negative point of view (Gradesaver LLC, par 2). In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court, Twain views the Catholic Church as atavistic survival that has been transported into the modern era. Hank Morgan, a Presbyterian by religion for instance introduces many denominations for the fear of unity in t he church. He fears a Christian family that is united perhaps because of the abuse that it would cause to a hypocrite like him (The Ohio State University, p. 24).Twain makes use of the environmental determinism to make religion humorous as depicted by his books Adventure of Huckleberry Finn, The Prince and the Pauper, A Connecticut Yankee In King Arthurs Court, Life on Mississippi and many others. Twain in these works uses religious words that do have a negative connotation such as infernal and unchristian. In this he suggests that there is danger in religion. The great American writer suggests that religious as well as denominations are deviant and unfair (The Ohio State University, P. 26).Twains religious faith was far much wide for any doctrine and too limitless for any creed. Mark was ignorant and noble in Christian creeds as well as doctrines. They in fact provide him with a fictive spark for his literary works. His views on religious are clearly brought out by his literary works (The Ohio State University, P. 27). Conclusion Mark Twain was a realist thinking atheist. Though he was a Presbyterian by birth, he was opposed to religion. However, as depicted in his literary works, religion had been manipulated to fit the needs of the few.Religion in itself failed to stand for what it actually presents. Many of his works in literature such as The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn, The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County and many others are grounded on religious criticism. He satirizes religion in the most humorous way. Despite the fact that he was brought up in a Christian family, his negative beliefs in religion isolates him from being a Christian or a religious person. He is an atheist who does not see anything good in religion. References Berge, Gregory.Mark Twains View On Christianity-Changing Christian Thinking. Ezine Articles. nd 2010. Web. 5 Aug. 2010 http//ezinearticles. com/? Mark-Twains-View-on-ChristianityChanging -Christian-Thinking&id=2012922 BookRags. (2009). The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer Book Notes Summary. Bookrags. com. nd 2009. Web 4 Aug. 2010 http//www. bookrags. com/notes/ts/TOP3. html Dempsy, Terrel. Mark Twins Religion Book Review. Bochynski. com. 15 Jan. 2004. Web. 5 Aug. 2010 http//www. bochynski. com/twainweb/reviews/phipps. html Gradesaver. archives Of Mark Twain. Gradesaver. com. nd 2010. Web. 4 Aug. 2010http//www. gradesaver. com/author/mark-twain/ Gradesaver LLC. Connecticut Yankee In King Arthurs Court Study Guide. Gradesaver. com. nd 2010. Web. 4 Aug. 2010 http//www. gradesaver. com/connecticut-yankee-in-king-arthurs-court/study-guide/major-themes/ Example Essays. com. (2010). Twains View Of Religion In Huck Finn. Exampleessays. com. nd 2010. Web 4 Aug. 2010 http//www. exampleessays. com/viewpaper/81878. html The Ohio State University. The Reverend Mark Twain. The Ohiostatepress. org. nd 2006. Web. 5 Aug. 2010 http//www. ohiostatepress. org/Books/Book%20PDFs/Fulton%20Rever end. pdf

Letter of complain Essay

Wong Kah YeeSecretary,28, Jalan Jati,Taman Bahagia,56000 Kuala LumpurMichael ChanManager,Kuala Lumpur Town Council,56000 Kuala Lumpur. 7th JANUARY 2014 Dear Sir,Dissatisfaction With The Condition Of The ApartmentAs the secretarial assistant of the Residents Association of Taman Bahagia, I would like to make a complaint on behalf of the residents of Taman Bahagia about the poor crack of the shutdown of flat . 2. One of the main problem of the apartment is the lifts are vandalised. There are many leaflets on the walls of the lift. Some of the buttons are also missing. Moreover, the corridors are littered with nonsense. Initially, rubbish was collected three propagation a week. However, since December last year the garbage collectors have only been coming once a week. Our litter bins are always full of rubbish and we have no choice so we resign the bags of rubbish next to the bins. This causes a terrible stench in our housing area. Further more than, stray cats and dogs scatter th e rubbish in searching for food. This brings very unhealthy environment in the neighbourhood. 3. Furthermore, the drains around our apartment are block and always clogged with rubbish resulting the water becoming stagnant. It is not uncommon to see bottles, dry leaves and charge plate bags in these drains. These drains need to be clear as the stagnant water is an ideal breeding instal for mosquitoes. The residents are worried as there had been a sharp increase in dengue cases in the last two months. Besides, there are also limited parking space for residents. This causes cars congesting our streets and a slight stressful parking situation. 4. I have some suggestion to solve this problems. You should plan to install auspices cameras in the lifts. So, we house guard the lifts from being vandalism. The security guard should always patrol around the apartment to avoid this problem happen. The council should also do some surprise checkson cleanliness. So our apartment can maintain t he cleanness. Additionally, you should always send officer workers to our apartment to ensure the drains are cleaned regularly. The council should also prepare more parking lot in our apartment for the visitor, so our street outside wouldnt be so congested. I hope the council will look into our complaints and take prompt and immediately action to solve our problems. give thanks you.Yours faithfully,Kahyan(WONG KAH YAN)

Environmental Security: Bangladesh Essay

AbstractWhile reading multinational relations I got acquainted with many contemporary issues which ar really important to deal with for the competitive endurance of Bangladesh in this age of worldwideization. Bangladesh is a developing country. It has to perform very carefully in run to stay put a healthy and sustainable scotch system. Bangladesh suffers from both internal and external threats which are both multitude and non- legions. Among them Environmental pledge (ES) is a matter of great importance. Be cause environmental calamities are great threat to frugal development and are means of creating dependency on the donor countries. It is also controlling relation amidst produces and also creating tension between them. So, time has come to hold in this issue more signifi fag endtly and take necessary steps accordingly. This interrogation paper contains how environment is having fountain over the matters of our country creating balance of kindred with the donor co untries and what Bangladesh should do in order to overcome the problems to establish better economics.AcknowledgementIn order to provide a valid research paper, I engender taken information from the lecture shits given over by the department of International Relations. Internet has been a great source of information which I have mentivirtuosod in the part of bibliography. Moreover I have taken information from BANGLADESH Non-traditional protection, By Jyoti M. Pathania, and use speeches of George Kennan, Collin Powell in or so relevant discipline. I am grateful to Dr. Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmed (Chairman, administration Council, Dhaka School of Economics (DScE) Chairman, Governing Body, Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation). He has given me some clear view of the issue of Environmental Security. I have used some information in this research paper from his presentation on The Outcome OF Cancun Climate transform Conference (COP-16) and Bangladesh. My work has also been encouraged by Dr . jashim Uddin, Gen epochl Manager, Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation, who has great experience in the dramatics of development in Bangladesh.1.0 IntroductionThere have been two approaches to Security Studies 1) Traditional Approach, i.e., Realist Approach and Non-traditional Approach, i.e., i) widen Approach and ii) Deepening Approach. Since the end of the Cold War, there has been renewed interest in what is now called non-traditional certification issues. Among the non-traditional approach to security studies, the widening approach includes that states are functionally similar units states are not like units in terms of capability/power. Some are strong and some are weak. Inter-state relationship is governed by this power differentiation. As a direct, anarchy is the ordering principle of multinational politics.States are bound to adapt to this anarchic system for their survival. However, in widening approach the referent object of security is state state wants to secure stat e sovereignty, strong-arm instauration of state (territory, resources and population) and policy-making system. It simply includes a wide range of non-military threats to state security both external and internal and military and non-military. The Environmental Security can be referred to this non-traditional approach of security, which is an internal and external non-military threat to a state that causes huge loss to the physical base of a state, demolishes economic property and threats the sovereignty of state in this age of globalization.Hence the Environmental Security has sprain a matter of great importance in todays world. Environmental security involves assessing the ways in which the quality of environmental systems relate to or impact the overall health and benefit of a state or social club. It also refers to the relative protection of the environment from injury or abasement by manmade or natural processes due to accident, negligence, ignorance, or design from caus es that cross national borders and endanger the donjon or health of humans, the functional integrity of a state, or the stability of the outside(a) community.Most environmental threats to national and international security can be traced to mans activities interfering into natural processes or the natural ecosystem. Some serious threats, however, may have natural origins, but become exacerbated from mans activities. Examples of these include hurricanes, earthquakes and floods.Environmental Security (ES) is a matter of great importance since it also controls international relations between states. As late as 1985, the old cold warrior George Kennan Wrote in foreign affairsaffairs concerning international relations and national interests in foreign countries. , identifying the threat to the world environment as single of the two supreme dangers facing mankind. But it was really in the post Cold War era that the world saw a dramatic increase in international activity around environm ental issues. The United Nations Environmental Program has reported that about 170 treaties have been negotiated in recent long time on various issues of the global environment. (1)2.0 Importance of ES can be understood further by the following statementFew threats to peace and survival of the human community are greater than those present by the prospects of cumulative and irreversible degradation of the biosphere on which human life depends. True security cannot be achieved by mounting buildup of weapons (defence in a narrow sense), but unaccompanied by providing basic conditions for solving non-military problems which threatens them. Our survival depends not single on military balance, but on global cooperation to ensure a sustainable environment. Brundtland Commission Report, 1987In 1999, Collin Powell stressed the importance of ES sayingSustainable development is a compelling moral and humanitarian issue, but it is also a security imperative. Poverty, environmental degradat ion and despondency are destroyers of people, of society, of nations. This unholy trinity can destabilize countries, even entire regions.We are dependant upon the mans life-supporting eco-systems generating water, food, medicine, and clean air etc, but we actually did nothing to maintain this ecosystem. As a result the current and future generations pass on confront severe environmentally induced changes. The change has already started and is testing our traditional concepts and understandings of security, both national and beyond boundaries. In many cases involutions are direct results of environmental degradation. other important dimension of Environmental security is that it knows no state boundary. It affects humankind and its institutions and organizations anywhere and at anytime, which cannot be defended by any means of military defense or political negotiation.3.0 VARIOUS INTERNATIONAL transaction international relations, battlefield of the relations among states and other political and economic units in the international system. Particular areas of study within the field of international relations include diplomacy and diplomatic history, international law, .. Click the affiliation for more information.THEORIES ON ENVIRONMENTA number of International Relations Theories can be use to the issue of environment. Many of these theories only deal with the environment indirectly, yet it is useful to review the expanding literature of international-relations speculation as it relates to the environment.Realism The two central concepts of Realist theory are power and the national interest. The international society is an anarchical state-system. The system is therefore a self- inspection and repair one. Realism assumes that states and their populations need natural resources to survive. There is a competition between states for these scarce resources. War is often the result of such competition and conflict. It leads to the struggle for power and pea ce, as Hans Morgenthau put it.(7)Extreme versions of Realism such as the geopolitical some see President George bushs intervention in Iraq as an attempt to secure the oil resources of the Middle East.3.1 MalthusianismThomas Malthus, an eighteenth century English cleric, believed that because population grew in geometric progression and food production followed arithmetic progression, there would come a time when population step-up would inevitably outstrip and will cause starvation. indeed it will threat the socio-economic security of a nation.3.2 LiberalismLiberalism focuses on cooperation. While liberalism sees people and states competing for scarce environmental resources, it does so in a more orderly way. Thus, a liberal philosophy applied to global environmental politics tends to treat states as competitive participantsnot unlike corporationsin markets they have established among themselves. (8) hugger-mugger enterprise and the market produce skill and save genius. For exa mple, the Stockholm Declaration of 1972 forbids states from inflicting environmental damage on each other, because this would be a violation of the states sovereignty.3.3 InstitutionalismThis approach also focuses on cooperation. present the states have a broader sense of self-interest. They focus on the public good. Their enlightened self-interest includes norms, values, principles and expectations which are the ingredients of International Regimes. The states seek mutually acceptable compromises through and through international negotiation. The building of International Regimes can benefit the global environment. The Kyoto Protocol of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is a good example of international regimes.3.4 EcoanarchismThis philosophy is humanistic and leftist, and Murray Bookchin is its leading proponent. Ecoanarchists believe that the state and big capital of the United States are inimical to the indecorum of humans and nature. (9) Thus to preserve nature i t is necessary to break society into belittled, relatively self- fitted units. To help nature these units moldiness practice altruism and mutual aid.3.5 Social NaturalismThis view sees culture and nature as bound together in a kind of social community. Community is used in a very broad sense that includes people, animals, plants, ideas, language, history and the ecosystems. Cooperation between humans and nature is a given. The accusatory of social naturalism is the creation of a cooperative ecological society found to be grow in the most basic levels of being. (10) This philosophy strongly resembles the worldview.3.6 Sustainable GrowthThe growth of incomes results in economic development. As the 1990s World Bank President Barber Conable put it market forces and economic efficiency were the best way to achieve the kind of growth which is the best antidote to poverty. (12) So according to the classical economists dictum a rising tide lifts all boats is associated with the idea tha t improvements in the global economy will benefit all participants in that economy. The proponents of this theory believe that when the poor of the developing countries become affluenter then it will reduce pressure on the environment. For example, they will be more able and free to pay the costs of keeping air and water clean. (13)3.7 Sustainable DevelopmentThis phrase first appeared in a 1980 report issued by the International Union for the saving of Nature International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) or World Conservation Union, international organization founded in 1948 to encourage the delivery of wildlife, natural environments, and living resources. (14) This approach focuses on the needs of the worlds poor and calls for a sufficient transfer of wealth from the rich countries to the poor, so that the developing countries can deal with the problem of poverty and environmental damage.3.8 The Steady-State EconomyHerman Daly proposed this al ternative approach which focuses not on more goods, but on the durability and higher status of goods. More goods are wasteful and cause environmental degradation. It calls for recycling and the minimal exploitation of biological and physical resources. Dalys unit is the nation-state, and each country must seek to be self-sufficient and spend only its own natural resources. (15)3.9 Radical RedistributionThis theory believes that environmental degradation is the result of excessive wealth, the injustices of capitalism and the income discrepancy between the rich and the poor nations. In 2005, a typical American consumed 51 times as much energy as a typical Bangladeshi. (16) Consequently, two things need to be through with(p). First, the rich must drastically reduce their consumption so as not to burden the earths resources and environment. Second, the rich much transfer massive amounts of capital and technology so that the poor countries can grow economically and preserve the enviro nment.3.10 Ecosocialism and Eco-MarxismNot surprisingly, ecosocialists and ecomarxists blame capitalism for environmental degradation. Capitalism is seen as inherently anti-ecological and anti-nature. For seeking cheaper bleak materials and fatter profits they impose wastes onto nature. Thus the mode of production matters for the environment. They emphasize peoples collective power as producers, which directly involve local communities ( peculiarly urban) and increase democracy, which enlist the labour affectment and which are aimed particularly at economic life. (17)3.11 EcofeminismAlthough many ecofeminists are not Marxists, they are all leftists or liberal in their philosophical orientation. For ecofeminists the domination of women and nature are inextricably linked. (18) Feminine suffering is universal because wrong done to women and its ongoing denial fuel the psycho-sexual abuse of all Othersraces, children, animals, plants, rocks, water, and air. (19)3.12 EcocentrismEcocent rists believe that humans cannot survive without nature. Many ecocentrists are advocates of wilderness or wildness. As Henry David Thoreau noted In wildness is the preservation of the world. (20)3.13 BiopoliticsThe origins of biopolitics can be found in the writings of Michel Foucault. According to Mitchell Dean, a follower of Foucault, biopolitics is concerned with matters of life and death, with birth and propagation, with health and illness, both physical and mental, and with the processes that sustain or retard the optimization of the life of a population. (21)These are some of the basic environmental philosophies that take to mean the global environment and structure practices and policies. Many of these conflict with one another and have diverse explanation of the reasons for environmental degradation.4.0 A case of BangladeshThe first part of this research paper dealt with the security agenda and the philosophies involving ES. Scarcities of renewable resources can generate civ il violence and conflict the degradation of renewable resources causes environmental insufficiency powerful groups take over precious resources while trivial groups move around to ecologically sensitive areas. Moreover environmental scarcity proves the difference between social groups. much(prenominal) situation affects governmental institutions and states by making it economically weak. Even environmental scarcity can cause ethnic conflicts. Accordingly the International community can be indirectly affected by these conflicts produced by environmental scarcity. (22)In the second part I will focus on Bangladesh regarding the issues of environment security. Ours is a country which has to face both external and internal, and military and non military threats. Bangladesh achieved its independence through a lay waste to war against Pakistan which resulted millions of death and around ten million refugees to India. Even after the war Bangladesh has been facing military threat from the Shanti Bahini of Chitt pastng Hill Track (CHT).Guerrilla warfare between the rebels and armed force of the government in CHT and civil conflicts between the Bengali and Non-Bengali residents of this place continue till today. The most recent armed conflict between the Bengali and Non-Bengali residents happened on 19th January 2011 where 6 (six) were killed. Such situation threatens the stability of a state. helping become more vulnerable when environmental degradation doubles the pain. The independent Bangladesh has been facing environmental catastrophe since 1974. In 1974 famine raged over and was further aggravated by a flood. Later on, the degradation only increased and in recent years Bangladesh has seen devastating cyclones and floods.The security of Bangladesh must depend on sustainable environment in many ways. Environmental degradation will badly affect economic development, gnaw at social cohesion. Even political institutions face threat. Population growth and lack of ec onomic opportunity will cause demographic displacement both within the country and outside. Migration in other country can cause bilateral conflict Bangladesh is also bearing the result of environmental problems of neighbor countries.Such situation in water sector is already exacerbating regional tension with India. It can lead to poisonous progress towards regional security and can instigate regional cooperation on the other hand. We have to come back that the linkage of environment and security in Bangladesh is through economics and politics. The greater the environmental degradation in Bangladesh the greater will be the political and economic deterioration, thus leading to more national and international insecurity.5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS IN BANGLADESHBangladesh posses a horde of security problems, which are no longer of conventional nature but have non-conventional nature i.e. Non-traditional security issues which are in the state of constant evolution. These are economic, environmental, political and territorial threats.5.1 PopulationThe greatest problem that Bangladesh faces is an unusually large population in a small land area. The population grew from 42 million in 1951 to about 147 million in 2005. (23) It is projected to consecrate 166 million in 2015. (24) The population density is 1019 per square kilometer. When one compares this with 2 persons per sq. km. in Australia, 3 in Canada, 31 in USA, 191 in Pakistan and 324 in India, one becomes aware of the tremendous crush of population in Bangladesh. The faster the population increases, the more would be the negative effects on its environment. Zero population growth could serve for the environment in Bangladesh.5.2 Land and SoilAs noted earlier, Bangladesh covers a small area of only 144,000 square kilometers, but 63% of the total land is arable because it is located in the largest delta in the world. Formed by the three mighty riversthe Ganges, Brahmaputra and the Meghnait is also the youngest and the most active delta in the world. (27) Although Bangladesh is a flat alluvial bare(a), it does have complex soil condition and land pattern.Erosion of land by rivers is a serious problem in Bangladesh. Every year due to strong summer winds, powerful waves and duty period rivers thousands of acres of land are eroded away, leaving thousands of families baseless and contributing to the pattern of wholesale migration towards the urban areas, mainly to the capital city Dhaka. But it only creates instability in the society.5.3 DeforestationMany decades ago Bangladesh had rich tropical forests. But due to population growth and the need for firewood and timber, the forests have become cursorily humble. Currently the forest area comprises 13,000 square kilometers, about 10.2% of the total land space, which is much less than the universally accepted minimum of 25%. (28) Located in the southwest of Bangladesh, the Sundarbans is a mangrove, large tropical semi-evergreen tree, genus Rhizophora that grows on muddy tidal flats and along protected ocean shorelines. It is the home for of the famous kinglike Bengal Tiger as well as other rich flora and fauna.The United Nations has declared the Sundarbans as a world heritage site because of its rich biodiversity. Besides, the tropical rain forests in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, home to high value timber, rich vegetation and wild animals. Many animals are being rapidly depleted due to demand from both agriculture and industry. The Chokoria Sundarbans in the southeastern part of the country near the port-city Chittagong were all destroyed in the 1980s and 1990s in order to facilitate shrimp farming.5.4 Drought & FloodsIt is ironical that during the monsoon season Bangladesh has too much water and during the winter months too little water when no pelting occurs. Thus the country is subject to both floods and drouth. Barendra Bhumi of the northern part of our country is an example for drought affect. Because of drought people are unable to continue agricultural work and suffer from monga (unemployment). It also causes huge migration towards the capital city and other cities. Heavy drought also causes desertification in this area.On the other hand, in the wet season Bangladesh suffers from too much water. About 1360 billion cubic meters of water is discharged annually through the GBM system, 93% of which flows through Bangladesh. If all the water did not flow into the sea, the country had been under 32 feet of water. The 230 rivers with their many creeks and rivulets attempt to drain the water into the Bay of Bengal But the situation of rivers, the low river gradients in the flat plain and strong backwater effects slow the passage to the sea, giving rise to the overflowing of the riverbanks. Every year there are floods, in some years it becomes extreme due to extra heavy rainfall.5.5 Storms & CyclonesBangladesh faces huge remnant due to storms and cyclones. The cyclones mainly hit the coastal r egion. Several severe cyclones emerge from the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean. The funnel shape shape of the Bay increases the intensity, often blowing in excess of 240 km per hour and creating tidal bores 9 km high. One of the worst cyclones occurred on November 12, 1970, killing an estimated 300 hundred thousand people in access to major damage to livestock, poultry, crops and vegetation. (30) The most recent examples can be SIDR (2007) and AILA (2009).

Selection Tool Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Selection Tool Evaluation - rise ExampleThe paper below discusses the relevance of audience as a form of extract prick in organizational personnel management with quality to Changing Minds article on a selection system that works. The discussion will focus on general information and exercise of the process, factors considered when undertaking it, psychometric properties, advantages, limitations and conclusion. General Information and Applicability Selection interview is a significant selection tool that assesses a nominees suitability for a post. It involves a personnel selector interacting with a medical prognosis to determine whether he/she is interested in the stipulated post and is competent for the obligation (Changing Minds 5). An interview describes the think over requirements to the expectations. Interviews set expectations on both parties involved in the process and allow discussion on both potential challenges that may arise. This enables the candidates to decide whether they want the obligation or non. According to the article, proper interviewing and conduction of reference checks save an organization the agony of dealing with future consequences related to poor personnel selection. The main objectives of an interview are assessment of candidates suitability, providing information on obligation requirement to the candidate and presenting the determine of the company to the applicant. Factors Considered During An Interview Process Past Behavior. The candidates past demeanor enables the interviewer to predict whether the candidate will contribute to the growth of an organization or not. Behavior assessment is significant in ensuring that the candidate measure up to the ethical standards of organization (Changing Minds 10). Past behavior is crucial in positions that require higher(prenominal) authority, for instance, managerial and supervisory positions. This is because behavior affects the decisions made. Some of questions that an intervi ewer can use to predict interviewees past behavior are if I spoke to your previous boss, which are some of the areas he can recommend procession? Tell me about your strengths? Describe an experience where you had to deal with a difficult customer or you put the cashiers safe open with no one else in the office? Past Experience. Candidates with a wide experience on the job will deliver more efficiently compared to in experient ones. Hiring experienced candidates saves the organization the training costs as the hired candidates already possess the required skills. Information on past experience helps to signal the possible future performance. This helps the interviewer to decide on the suitability of the post. This measure is applicable in all job positions in most contemporary organizations (Changing Minds 10). Most contemporary organizations bank on the experience factor when selecting new staff. Interviewers Intuition. The opinion of the interviewer with reference to the first im pression created by the candidate may be used to predict the suitability of the interviewee in relation to job qualification. However, perception should not conclude the candidates suitability as the first impression may be deceiving. entire results on the candidates suitability are portrayed by a combination of the someone traits obtained during the full process (Changing Minds 2). Organizations that the interviewers perception to determine the right candidates may experience future challenges

Welfare Cost in the Government is Running out of Control Research Paper

Welfare Cost in the Government is trial break of Control - Research Paper ExampleCosts of different commodities are raceway out of control while the Medicare is unfairly limiting options for almost every the Statesn. The name of scantness still lingers in the minds of many (June & Mark, 2004). This is because, the poverty is tragic and is as rampant as it was at the onset of the fight against poverty and public assistance programs in the outset of 1960s. The history of the American benefit is intriguing as the Congress and different policy makers can take divergent paths. The Fantasy path, which opines that Medicare and Social Security can survive up to now without structural reforms, the Welfare Empire, has no problems even upon keeping over fifty million Americans in dire poverty, and there is nothing wrong (Marx, 2004). However, this paper intends to show that the follow of welfare in politics is running out of control and the only way to end this problem is through dive rgent convey that it will highlight. Today, the level of poverty in America is high, the approach of medical health is expensive, and overly the cost of living is becoming exorbitant. With reference to Austerity path, the concerned officials tend to turn a blind marrow on these issues and concede that, the best days of American life are over, then cuts rations care, attests that things like additive change are not enough and cannot meet the existing ch everyenges (David, 2010). Additionally, the radically divergent paths taken by policymakers result to cut benefits and a Gingrich path of growth and innovation that concedes that poverty will remain to be an inevitably concurrent fact of all American lives (Howard, 2002). Nevertheless, it has come to most peoples minds that, in spite of all the challenges facing Americans today, there exist numerous and radical measures that can save Americans from cash drainage and continuous siphoning of welfare funds (Eric & Glenn 2004). One, i n order to control the cost of welfare in governing from running out of control, the government could slow the growth of welfare, promote personal responsibility, give portions of welfare assistance in form of loans instead of grants, and/or the government and the other concerned agencies could simply do away with the welfare (Mink & Rickie, 2003). Organizations likely to benefit Enacting these measures would backup man a number of organizations of the burden of providing welfare funds to areas that require it. For instance, the government of United States spends lost of dollars in funding welfare run such as medical health, insurance, regimen aid agencies, public utility steering agencies, and many other organizations within the States (Marx, 2004). It is agreeable that, if only America could invest in ending or relinquishing the welfare services, it would save itself a big patronage of responsibility (June & Mark, 2004). Therefore, the Government of the United States of Ameri ca is one of the agencies that would benefit from stopping or easing the welfare services. Findings make it clear that the Government of the United States does not service welfare all by itself. some other agencies facilitate initiation of the welfare funds and they include the US Department of Health, The Treasury Department, Human services Department, and non-governmental organizations such as the World Food Program, The World Health Organization, and the UNEP (Wenli, 2002). Slowing the growth for welfare As indicated in this paper, slowing the growth for welfare will be part of the efficient and reliable measures aimed ensuring that the cost of welfare in government does not run out of control (Eric & Glenn 2004). This is because, as the history of relief and help runs deep in the hearts of fake poor people, slowing the grow

Hillingdon Electricals Ltd (a case study) Coursework

Hillingdon Electricals Ltd (a type study) - Coursework ExampleThis has eventu totallyy helped the beau monde in building an appreciative reputation for itself in the market. However, in the recent years, the company has failed to deliver its services as per expectations, which resulted in its declining market share still affecting its competitive advantage. Contextually, the top level management of the company has decided that each of its stores situated all over the UK market needs to have a particular sales target for its various categories of goods. The scenarios highlighted and discussed on a lower floor therefore deals with certain situations that the company is dealing with, post its approach of enhancing its performance. Scenario A (Tony and Ursula) In this scenario, it has been noted that delinquent to a manual error, price of certain products of the company were advertised in websites and newspaper at a much lesser price in comparison to the present market price for the same. Subsequently, a customer named Tony bought the same product from the company website in a usual procedure as per the advertised price. However, in the following day, the customer received a mail from the company stating that the website was in total error which render a false price of the product and hence, the product can only be sold at its original market price. However, the company offered certain discount as an effort to maintain goodwill with the customer. In this regard, Tony denied to open the present market price and demanded the product at the committed price in website advertisement. correspondingly in another case, Ursula went on to buy a product from a retail shop of the company in accordance to the price advertised in the newspaper. However, similar to the condition of Tony, the store manager her that the positive price of the product was more than the price disclosed in the advertisement in the newspaper. Ursula too refused to pay the extra amount and demand ed the product in the advertised price. It is apparent from the above scenario that human error is in general responsible for the false advertisement of the company, which can be assumed to be unintended on the curtilage of good faith. Despite of such considerations, the case can be considered as breach of the UK civil wrong law. A tort is a crime that involves the use of unfair means in conducting activities that harms or results in acquittance of others. The harm or injury, as per law is not limited to physical injuries rather, it covers emotional and reputational injurious as well (Findlaw, 2012). Correspondingly, the approach of the company, despite of the fact that it was owing to human error can be considered as a tort against the customers and competitors. It can therefore be classified as a clear case of inadvertence of the company in its advertising, which is illegal under and punishable under the tort law (Lawskool, n.d.). Conceptually, the tort law in the UK is appli cable for several activities, which primarily includes activities related to negligence and duty of care. In innocent terms, negligence can be regarded as carelessness of people in their work, which results in unfavourable impacts on others. According to the tort law, individuals or a body of individuals (companies or organisations or associations) should not depict negligence attitude

The Yom Kippur War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Yom Kippur War - Essay ExampleThe decision of Israel was to be handed over by the U.S, presidential term to the Arab states. The U.S. was informed about the decision but not to hand it over to the Arabs. There was no manifest of receipt neither Egypt nor Syria, who in fact never received the offer. It was kept closely guarded at heart the government of Israel, which was withdrawn in October 1967.Like anyone who muddled a property, Egypt and Syria craved to regain the land they lost during the Six-Day War. Nevertheless, a summit issued the three nos resolving there will be NO peace, NO recognition and NO negotiation with Israel. This is the Khartoum Arab Summit. (2)Convincing allies and non-allies to join you in contend is not an easy thing to do not to mention the consequences these entail. The Iraqis turned down the idea of joining the preliminary attack. Syria had a tensed relationship with Iraq, so getting Iraqs aid was unsuccessful. Lebanon was not pass judgment to joi n the contend since they share a border with Israel, not to mention the small army they had. (3) scarcely nevertheless, Sadat did not lose hopes in getting aid from other countries. A few months before the war, Sadat was set-aside(p) in a tactful, diplomatic, and suave offensive to try to win stick up for war. He claimed the support of more(prenominal) than a hundred states. These countries were mostly of the Arab League, Non-Aligned Movement, and Organization of African Unity. He also got the support of Europe and for the get-go time, Britain and France sided with the Arabs against Israel on the UN Security Council. II. Pre-Event ActionsThe suave offensive of Sadat, which won the aid of other countries, materialized. Long before the war broke out, the Iraqis transferred a squadron of hunter jets to Egypt. A division of 18,000 men and hundreds of tanks were deployed in the central Golan. Their MiGs began operating on the third sidereal day of the war. (4)Kuwait and Saudi Arab ia committed their men to battle aside from serving as financial underwriters. A brigade from Saudi of approximately 3000 troops was sent off to Syria where it engaged in fighting to Damascus. Libya sent Egypt a number of Mirage fighters and from 1971-1973, President Muammar Qadaffi gave Cairo more than $1 billion to support their thirst for regaining Egypt and for payment to the weapons delivered by the Soviets. (5)Support came so overwhelmingly. North African countries responded to the thirst of Egypt. Soviet commanded an aid for the frontline states. An armored brigade and 150 tanks were sent by Algeria together with three aircraft squadrons of bombers and fighters. Almost 2000 Tunisian soldiers were deployed along the Nile Delta, 3500 troops from Sudan in southern Egypt and 3 brigades to the front lines from Morocco including 2500 men to Syria. III. The Event On the holiest day in the Jewish calendar, October 6, 1973, Egypt and Syria opened a coordinated surprise attack against Israel, which was named The Yom Kippur War. The warships at par with those of NATOs in Europe were mobilized on the borders of Israel. Israel with approximately 180 tanks surprisingly faced an onslaught of 1400 tanks from Syria and their almost 500 defenders were attacked by 80,000 Egyptians. (6) The Israeli Intelligence, known as one of the most aggressive and successful intelligence networks in bill seemed to fail this time. The Arabs had more time in planning the war against Israel. They incorporated a fine rehearse of deception and disinformation to disguise their furiously deadly intent. On the other hand, Israel had been